Prolonged stress triggers the continuous release of cortisol, a hormone that, while beneficial in short bursts, can have detrimental effects when present in high levels over time. This sustained elevation of cortisol can suppress the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections and illnesses. Additionally, it can lead to increased inflammation throughout the body, which is linked to a range of health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and gastrointestinal issues.
Furthermore, chronic stress can disrupt various bodily functions, impacting sleep patterns and digestion. It may lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms such as overeating or substance abuse, further exacerbating physical health problems. Over time, these effects can contribute to serious conditions like hypertension and metabolic syndrome, highlighting the importance of managing stress effectively for overall well-being.